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Many proteins found in pathological aggregations, the hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, have been shown to undergo reversible liquid-liquid phase separation under the right conditions. This suggests that aberrant phase separation may trigger the protein aggregation seen in neurodegeneration. This review addresses similarities and differences among four proteins that are both known to undergo phase separation and are found as aggregations in neurodegenerative diseases (Figure 1). In addition, future directions in this field are discussed that will contribute to elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying aggregation and neurodegeneration.
See Zbinden, Pérez-Berlanga et al, Developmental Cell